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Hindiyya (born Hannah al-‘Ujaimi; 1720-1798), (other spellings: ''Anna 'Adjaymi'', or ''Ajjeymi'', ''Ajami'', also known as the ''Hindiyé'', or ''Hendiye'', i.e. the Indian) was a Maronite mystic nun which claimed to have many visions of Jesus and Mary. She was a central figure in the history of the Maronite Church in the 18th century. Hindiyya founded in 1750 the controversial religious order of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, which was dissolved by order of pope Pius VI in 1779. == Life == Hindiyya was born on August 6, 1720 in Aleppo to Shukrallah Ujaimi and mother Helene Hawwa both devout Maronite Christians. Similar to other Maronite Christians of the time the Ujaimi’s were merchants who were getting increasingly wealthy due to commercial treaties signed between European powers and the Ottoman’s during 1675. Hindiyya had a brother named Nicholas and sisters although the exact number of siblings is unclear. Hindiyya studied under the Jesuits which encouraged her in developing her spirituality and supported her by sharing stories of other young women who had chosen a religious life over the secular path. Hindiyya in turn embraced many Roman Catholic devotions, as the frequent auricular Confession. The support from the Jesuits lasted until 1748. She moved from Aleppo to Berke, Lebanon, where on March 25, 1750 she founded her own religious order entitled to the Sacred Heart of Jesus, a Western devotion she imported among the Maronites and that made forthwith success. She claimed to have visions of Christ, to make miracles, to speak with Christ in mystical unions〔 and to be united with the Trinity in a unique way. She soon became considered as a living saint and almost an object of veneration.〔 The majority of the Maronte clergy, as well as the Patriarch Simon Awad, and later the following patriarchs Tobias El Khazen and Joseph Estephan firmly supported Hindiyya, while on the contrary the Jesuits, as well as some Maronites, became more and more mistrustful of her doctrine and personal cult. In 1752 Pope Benedict XIV ordered the first inspection, carried out by a Franciscan, Desiderio da Casabasciana, who, initially hostile, became himself a supporter of Hindiyya. The case of Hindiyya made a comeback under the patriarchate of Joseph Estephan, also because the Patriarch was so fond of the devotion imported by Hindiyya that he made the Sacred Heart a holy day of obligation for the Maronites. New inspections were carried out, by Valeriano di Prato, Custodian of the Holy Land, in 1773 and finally by Pietro Craveri of Moretta in 1775 who took a stand against the doctrines of Hindiyya. The affair of Hindiyya combined with the opposition to Joseph Estephan by the Khazen Sheikhes and by the bishops Michael El Khazen and Michael Fadel.〔 Finally in 1779 Pope Pius VI issued a decree stating that Hindiyya is deluded and her revelations and doctrines false. Moreover, the Pope abolished her Order of Sacred Heart and he suspended the Patriarch Joseph Estephan from all functions appointing Michael El Khazen as Vicar. Patriarch Joseph Estephan was restored in power only in 1784, while Hindiyya lived the rest of her life as a confined nun in various convents and her works were proscribed. She died on February 13, 1798 in the convent of Our Lady of the Fields.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Hindiyya al-'Ujaimi」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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